YOUR RIGHTS

Know Your Rights

Clear, accessible information to help you understand your rights, navigate police interactions, and take informed action.

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Immediate Police Stop Guidance

Quebec Edition • What to say, what to do, and what to document

First Words

"Am I free to leave?"

This is the most important first question in any Quebec police interaction.

If yes → leave calmly

If no → you are detained

Ask why you are being detained

Remain respectful and calm

Begin documenting immediately

On Foot

If You Are on Foot

  • Ask if you are free to leave
  • You usually do not need to answer questions
  • You usually do not need to identify yourself
  • Ask why you are being stopped
  • If detained, request a lawyer
  • Do not physically resist

Driving

If You Are Driving in Quebec

  • Provide licence, registration, and insurance
  • Ask the reason for the stop
  • Keep hands visible
  • Do not argue roadside
  • Document everything after the stop
  • Remain calm and respectful

Warning Signs

If You Believe It Is Racial Profiling

Vague reasons for the stop
Repeated identity checks
Luxury vehicle assumptions
Different treatment than nearby white drivers
Unrelated immigration questions
Neighbourhood-based assumptions

Documentation

What to Document Immediately

Time and date
Exact location
Officer badge number
Officer name (if given)
Vehicle number
Exact wording used
Witness names and contact info
Video/audio recordings
Ticket or citation number
Race-related comments

Critical

"I want to remain silent."

Do not answer questions. Anything you say can be used against you.

Essential

"I want to speak to a lawyer immediately."

You have the right to legal representation. Do not sign anything without a lawyer.

Critical Deadline

Quebec Human Rights (CDPDJ) Deadline: 6 Months

You have 6 months from the date of the incident to file a complaint with the Commission des droits de la personne et des droits de la jeunesse (CDPDJ) regarding racial profiling or discrimination involving police or municipal actors.

Applies to

Racial profiling
Discrimination
Differential treatment
Race-based stops
Discriminatory questioning
Systemic discrimination concerns

This is separate from police ethics complaints.

Critical Deadline

Quebec Police Ethics Deadline: 1 Year

You have 1 year from the date of the event or your knowledge of it to file a complaint with the Commissaire à la déontologie policière regarding police misconduct, abuse of authority, disrespectful conduct, unlawful detention, excessive force, intimidation, or conduct contrary to the Code of ethics of Québec police officers.

Applies to

Abuse of authority
Disrespectful conduct
Intimidation
Misconduct
Unlawful detention
Excessive force
Officer behaviour violations
Ethics violations
Racial profiling during police interaction
Abusive street stops / interpellations
Repeated identity checks without lawful basis
Discriminatory treatment during traffic stop
Harassment during police questioning
Targeted stops based on race, language, religion, or origin

Note: Racial profiling incidents may trigger both CDPDJ (discrimination) and Police Ethics (conduct) complaints from the same incident.

A free AI assistant providing clear, general information about police stops, traffic rules, the Highway Safety Code, police powers, and rights in Quebec, in plain language, 24/7.

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The Red Map

An interactive map documenting police brutality, racial profiling, and systemic discrimination across Canada. Access real reports and build public accountability.

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File a Complaint

Submit a formal complaint about police conduct.

File Complaint

Report an Incident

Report an incident or discriminatory practice.

Report Incident

Important Disclaimer

The Red Coalition does not provide legal advice. Information provided is for general purposes only. For specific legal guidance, consult a qualified lawyer.

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